Activity of RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) is altered by the enzymatic cleavage of DPPIV, as CD26/DPPIV enzymatic cleavage of RANTES affects important activities such as those implicated in monocyte chemotaxis and HIV-1 infection

110-kDa glycoprotein that is expressed on numerous cell types and has multiple biological functions. A key facet of CD26/DPPIV biology is its enzymatic activity and its physical and functional interaction with other molecules. The substrates of CD26/DPPIV are proline-containing peptides and include growth factors, chemokines, neuropeptides, and vasoactive peptides. DPPIV plays an important role in immune regulation, signal transduction, and apoptosis. Furthermore, CD26 appears to play an important role in tumor progression. In the present review, we summarize key aspects of CD26/DPPIV involvement in tumor biology and its potential role in cancer development and behavior.